A Study of Dr. Shafiei Kadkani's Viewpoint on Sanai's Spiritual Evolution and a Critique of the Historical and Abrupt Approach to Sanai's Evolution.

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Doctoral student in Wisdom of Religious Arts at the University of Religions and Denominations, Qom.
2 Faculty member at the University of Religions and Denominations, Qom.
Abstract
Sanā'ī, a poet of the late fifth and early sixth centuries (AH), represents a turning point in mystical poetry, having adorned the process of reflecting earlier prose mystical concepts in poetic forms such as the ghazal, qaṣīdah, and mathnawī. According to the available sources on Sanā'ī, we encounter two opposing views regarding his personality. One view regards Sanā'ī's personality in a calendrical and linear fashion, considering his turn toward composing poetry with mystical themes as abrupt, and attempts to manifest this process in his poems and works. The other view does not regard his personality transformation as abrupt, but rather sees it alongside the ups and downs of his character, believing that Sanā'ī, even at the end of his life, experienced lapses and linguistic slips in his poetry—such as lampooning (hijā') and obscene verse (hazl). In light of Dr. Shafiei Kadkani's view, which aligns with the second perspective, this research employs a descriptive-analytical method to scrutinize the various dimensions of Sanā'ī's spiritual revolution, while also examining whether Sanā'ī, as Shafiei Kadkani suggests, possessed multiple and sometimes contradictory personalities. The results of this research indicate a gradual trajectory in Sanā'ī's development and his movement toward poetic perfection.
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