Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, University of Arts, Isfahan.
Abstract
The question of whether ethics and spirituality are founded upon art or not has always been a concern of our religious society. Therefore, returning to and critically exploring historical identity can be illuminating for understanding this issue today. The texts and works of Islamic-Iranian history and civilization stand as truthful witnesses to the manifestation and flow of spirituality and ethics in all spheres of Muslim life, including the realm of art and craftsmanship. Among the sources that reflect the thought and conduct of masters of art and crafts are guild treatises and epistles of futuwwa (chivalry). This research seeks to answer the question: "What are the ethical and spiritual principles in art and craftsmanship as narrated in guild texts?" In this article, as a fundamental qualitative and interdisciplinary study, we have employed a library-based method, referring to several ancient guild writings. In addition to providing a brief introduction to them, we have analyzed and compared their content. The main objective of this writing is to extract the ethical and spiritual elements in the domain of art and craftsmanship. The outcome of this article indicates that, besides emphasizing guild principles and the necessary technical skills of a trade, the people of craft have also insisted on spiritual elements in their work and profession. Moreover, those who wished to learn a craft, art, or trade had first to acquire self-discipline (adab al-nafs) from their master.