Ta'ziyeh As A Theater of Presence Based on the Views of Paul Woodruff

The ritual performance of Ta'ziyeh, on the one hand, has its roots in the event of Ashura and shows the various narrations of those events, and on the other hand, from the perspective of performance, originates from Iranian culture and drama. This glorious play, in the cultural contexts of the Qajar period, especially in the Nasserite period, succeeded in being the highest level of drama for the people, but after this period until today, its ritual and theatricality have gradually faded. In this regard, in the field of research and implementation, new steps must be taken to revive the capacities and spectacular aspects of ta'ziyeh. One of the new executive and ritual studies is Paul Woodruff's theory of "Presence Theater", which has a special place in fulfilling the purpose of watching and being spectacular. This article, based on the views of Paul Woodruff, descriptively-comparatively seeks to address the question of how the theater of presence in the play ta'ziyeh is manifested? The results of the research show that the ritual performance of ta'ziyeh in some performances is a presence theater that goes beyond the theater by combining the two arts of "watching" and "being watched" in a common action, a common experience and a common moment of transcendence. , Achieves.